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Revisiones en Cáncer 00054 / http://dx.doi.org/10.20960/revcancer.00054

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Revisión

Biomarcadores en cáncer de próstata

Xavier Filella Pla

Prepublicado: 2024-01-31

Publicado: 2024-03-06

VOLUMEN 37, NÚM. 5, septiembre-octubre (2023), PAG. 227-237

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El antígeno específico de la próstata (PSA) es una herramienta esencial en el tratamiento de pacientes con cáncer de próstata (CaP). Su utilidad está bien establecida por las guías clínicas en el seguimiento de los pacientes con esta enfermedad, así como en el establecimiento del balance de base una vez diagnosticado el tumor. En este sentido, el PSA ofrece, junto con otras variables, como el estadio clínico y el grado de Gleason, información decisiva para la estratificación de los pacientes en función del pronóstico de la enfermedad, ayudando a seleccionar pacientes que pueden beneficiarse de ser incluidos en protocolos de vigilancia activa. Sin embargo, el cribado del CaP basado en PSA es controvertido debido a un importante sobrediagnóstico, del que resultan tratamientos innecesarios y numerosos efectos adversos. En los últimos años, varios autores han abogado por el uso de un cribado personalizado, utilizando un PSA basal, con el objetivo de superar la oposición entre cribar a todos los hombres o no cribar a nadie. Por otro lado, se han descrito nuevos biomarcadores (índice de salud prostática, 4kscore o test S3M) con el objetivo de mejorar los resultados obtenidos con el PSA.

Palabras Clave: PSA. Cribado del cáncer de próstata. PHI. 4Kscore. S3M.

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