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Revisiones en Cáncer H0167

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Revisión

Terapia neoadyuvante en cáncer de mama triple negativo localmente avanzado.

Publicado: 2023-03-29

VOLUMEN 36, NÚM. 6, noviembre-diciembre (2022), PAG. 271-338

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El cáncer de mama triple negativo (CMTN) es el subtipo de cáncer de mama (CM) más agresivo y de peor pronóstico. En el escenario de enfermedad localmente avanzada, la neoadyuvancia con diferentes esquemas de quimioterapia (QT) es la terapia de elección, y, de forma reciente, se ha incorporado la inmunoterapia. Sin embargo, un porcentaje nada desdeñable de las enfermas tendrá una recaída de la enfermedad, por lo que es necesario optimizar el tratamiento en este subgrupo poblacional con el objetivo de mejorar la supervivencia y disminuir el riesgo de recidiva. El uso de platinos, añadir tratamientos adyuvantes como capecitabina o la incorporación de nuevos agentes como inmunoterapia, inmunoconjugados o terapias dirigidas se posicionan como opciones válidas para mejorar el pronóstico de las pacientes. La determinación de mutaciones en BRCA, valorar de forma adecuada la respuesta patológica a la neoadyuvancia o clasificar molecularmente el CMTN podrían ayudar a una mejor selección del tratamiento.

Palabras Clave: Cáncer de mama triple negativo. Quimioterapia neoadyuvante. Respuesta completa patológica. Terapia adyuvante. Inmunoterapia. Inmunoconjugados.

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